Tension perpendicular to the grain

Cross-sectional Inputs

All references to EN 1995-1-1:2004 unless otherwise stated.

This tests a cross-section in tension perpendicular to the grain according to Clause 6.1.3.

Timber type

The timber type of the cross-section. See the timber database section for the types supported by Teretron.

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Cross-section type

The geometry type of the cross-section.

Width b The width of a rectangular cross-section, in mm. Length lv The distribution length of the tensile force, in mm.

Area A

The area of effect of the tensile force, in mm².

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Area reduction

The area reduction ΔA refers to reductions in the nominal cross-section size that have to be taken into account in the calculation of the member strength (e.g. holes from fasteners) according to Subclause 5.2(2).

It should be given as a percentage of the total nominal area of the cross-section.

Factor k_h,90

The EN 1995-1-1:2004 standard does not give any specific guidance for the check of tension perpendicular to the grain, simply stating that "The effect of the member size shall be taken into account" (Subclause 6.1.3(1) ).

Teretron runs the following check for Tension Perpendicular To The Grain:

σ_t,90,d ≤ k_h,90 • f_t,90,d

Factor k_h,90 is used in order to satisfy the requirements of Subclause 6.1.3(1). This should be determined by the engineer based on his/her judgement.

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Contribution of the load distribution system in the member strength properties

Includes factor k_sys for the calculation of the member strength, according to Clause 6.6, for a member that functions as part of a continuous load distribution system.

Note that Subclause 6.6(3) states that the strength verification for a continuous load distribution system should be carried out assuming short-term load duration.